In 1953 James Watson and Francis Crick published the molecular structure of the biological hereditary material deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) whose famous double-helical structure is now imprinted in the ...

How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

A genetic change in our ancient ancestors may partly explain why humans don't have tails like monkeys. A genetic change in our ancient ancestors may partly explain why humans don't have tails like ...

We all have a fair idea of what a vaccine does, but we may be unsure of the finer details. A vaccine is a biological preparation that aims to protect us against a specific disease. The concept is to ...

James Thaventhiran does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

The Nobel Committee has awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their pioneering work in the development of mRNA vaccine technology, which made ...