Designers and developers of medical devices are aware of the relevance and risks involved in single faults, which must be avoided in all states of operation. However, the dynamics of development, ...

Members can download this article in PDF format. Intelligent robotic systems are bringing great gains in productivity to the factory floor. However, they also present collision hazards that could ...

The convergence of operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) offers a unified view of industrial automation control systems and streamlines communication among personnel and the ...

A power supply unit is one of the most crucial components in an electronics system, as its operation can affect the entire system’s functionality. In the context of industrial functional safety, as in ...

Surface modification of medical devices allows manufacturers to maintain the mechanical properties of materials while adding specific functionalities at biological interfaces. This optimization is ...

Today’s electronic systems face unprecedented challenges in ensuring functional safety. As autonomous vehicles navigate our streets, medical devices sustain lives, and industrial automation systems ...

During the design process, failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is typically used to assess how equipment and machinery might fail. Recent functional safety design legislation in the EU has ...

Complete, unambiguous, and correct software requirements, including safety or security requirements. Correct and consistent design specifications without extraneous functionality. Compiler-produced ...

Battery-powered applications, which have become indispensable over the last decade, require a certain level of protection to ensure safe use. This safety is provided by the battery management system ...

Functional safety has been a long-standing requirement for many electronics applications, including implanted medical devices, space-borne systems, and nuclear power plants. The widespread use of ...

Failure rate or base failure rate refers to the number of failures per unit of time, typically in terms of failures in time (FITs) equivalent to one failure in a billion hours, which can be expected ...