In a “normal” electrocardiogram (ECG), the transition of the QRS axis in the precordial leads occurs between leads V 3 and V 4 (i.e., there is a dominant S in V 3 and a dominant R in V 4).

Ferroic materials such as ferromagnets and ferroelectrics underpin modern data storage, yet face limits: They switch slowly, or suffer from unstable polarization due to depolarizing fields ...