For example, the remora fish, which latches onto sharks or large fish and survives by eating scraps or waste without affecting the host. Similarly, pilot fish swim alongside bigger predators, feeding ...

The term Commensalism was created in 1876 by a Belgian zoologist and paleontologist Pierre-Joseph van Beneden, together with the term ‘mutualism.’ Originally, Beneden used the term to explain the ...

In Tanzania, we watched on many occasions when small flocks of red-billed birds descended upon the backs of giraffes, cape ...

Generally, when we think of nature we are incline to refer to various interactions as something wild. In fact, in the course of evolution, different species of the same habitat found themselves ...

Faculty of Science, University of Ryukyus, 1-Senbaru, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, Japan. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan. The most famous ...

Historically, the study of microbe-associated diseases has focused primarily on pathogens, guided by Koch's postulates. This pathogen-centric view has provided a mechanistic understanding of disease ...