A tree must be acyclic, meaning it should not contain any cycles. A cycle is a path that starts and ends at the same vertex ...

Journal of Applied Probability, Vol. 29, No. 3 (Sep., 1992), pp. 745-749 (5 pages) The dependence of coincidence of the global, local and pairwise Markov properties on the underlying undirected graph ...

The aim of this research therefore was to streamline the understanding of typical causal structures in both randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials in oncology, presenting concise guidelines for ...