The ratio of the number of yellow circles to the number of white circles is 1 : 4. For each yellow circle there are 4 white circles. The ratio 3 : 12 is equivalent to 1 : 4 because for each yellow ...

The methods of cross-ratios, equivalence classes and metrics that were introduced in a previous paper (Altham 1970) are extended to three further problems. First the interdependence of the rows, ...

A new study found that, contrary to widely held assumptions, farmed fish and shrimp convert protein and calories in feed to edible seafood at rates similar to livestock (i.e., cattle, pigs, and ...