The lamprey immune system represents an atypical model of adaptive immunity that diverges fundamentally from the well‐characterised immunoglobulin‐based system of jawed vertebrates. Instead, lampreys ...

A new review by Dr. Ruyuan Wang and an international team of researchers explores the complex interactions between the innate and adaptive immune systems, shedding light on regulatory mechanisms in ...

Our immune system is divided into two main branches: innate and adaptive. Innate immune cells act as a first line of defense, quickly responding to invaders, while adaptive immune cells take a longer ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

Smoking tobacco is so harmful to the body that it changes a person’s immune system, leaving them vulnerable to more disease and infection even years after they’ve quit, a new study found. Although ...