Membrane transport proteins that transduce free energy stored in electrochemical ion gradients into a concentration gradient are a major class of membrane proteins. We report the crystal structure at ...

Lactose-free milk is a great alternative for people who can’t digest regular milk. It contains lactase, an enzyme that helps breaks down lactose, and it has almost the same taste, texture, and ...

Lactose permease (LacY) of Escherichia coli stands as a prototype of the major facilitator superfamily, employing the energy of a proton gradient to mediate the uptake of sugars against their ...