Suppose a hopper is filled with a granular material such as sand, and you need to compute the force or stress on the hopper walls. If static, this problem is straightforward to solve using FE software ...

A rheometer and powder flow tester can measure how pharmaceutical materials, such as powders from a hopper, flow. Analyzing the rheology or flow behavior of materials involves evaluating initial ...

Researchers have taken a close look at the flow of materials that have both liquid-like and solid-like states, such as toothpaste, mayonnaise, and ketchup, using both simulations and experiments.

Keeping electronic devices cool is important when considering both their function and durability, as temperature influences material properties and energy flow. The temperature of "hot spots" that can ...

Abstract: At hypersonic speeds, vehicles experience extreme heating that drives ablation of thermal protection systems, where protective materials erode, releasing gases and particulates into the flow ...