When you zone out after pulling an all-nighter, the brain flushes out cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which surrounds the brain and spinal cord and is part of the brain's waste-disposal system. This CSF ...

Researchers determined that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) present with significant Aqueduct of Sylvius enlargement over time, which may be attributable to regional atrophy changes and ex vacuo ...

Chiari malformation, an anomaly of the posterior cranial fossa, also known as Arnold–Chiari malformation, was described in autopsies by Hans Chiari, an Austrian pathologist, in 1891. He defined four ...

Hydrocephalus is an excess of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain’s ventricles. Surgery is the first-line and most effective treatment. The two primary surgeries are the Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) ...