The study of geodetic numbers in graph theory represents a compelling fusion of abstract mathematical ideas with practical applications across network analysis, computational optimisation, and ...
We consider the number of vertex independent sets i(G). In general, the problem of determining the value of i(G) is NP-complete. We present several upper and lower bounds for i(G) in terms of order, ...
PNAS is the world's most-cited multidisciplinary scientific serial. It publishes high-impact research reports, commentaries, perspectives, reviews, colloquium papers, and actions of the Academy. In ...