All sorts of physical processes in this analog world exhibit some degree of randomness. Think of noise, for example. Many noisy processes are described by Gaussian probability distributions. We should ...

Julie Young is an experienced financial writer and editor. She specializes in financial analysis in capital planning and investment management. Suzanne is a content marketer, writer, and fact-checker.

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

This course is compulsory on the BSc in Actuarial Science and BSc in Financial Mathematics and Statistics. This course is available on the BSc in Business Mathematics and Statistics, BSc in ...

This course is compulsory on the BSc in Actuarial Science, BSc in Actuarial Science (with a Placement Year), BSc in Financial Mathematics and Statistics and BSc in Mathematics, Statistics and Business ...