The problem of estimating the variance of the ratio estimator in sampling with probability proportional to aggregate size is investigated. The form of nonnegative unbiased variance estimators is found ...

Survey sampling and estimation methods form the cornerstone of modern statistical inference, underpinning research across the social, medical, and natural sciences. At their heart, these methods ...

The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 82, No. 4 (Winter 2018), pp. 707-744 (38 pages) Many studies in various countries have found that telephone and internet surveys of probability samples yielded data ...

PROC SURVEYSELECT provides a variety of methods for selecting probability-based random samples. With probability sampling, each unit in the survey population has a known, positive probablity of ...

1. Distinguish between probability and non-probability sampling and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each. If you can not specify the probability that any given individual will be in the ...

Statistics are often estimated from a sample rather than from the entire population. If the inclusion probability of the sample is unknown to the researcher, that is, a nonprobability sample, naively ...

The COVID-19 pandemic has infected over 38 million people around the world and is showing no signs of going away any time soon. Researchers worldwide are frantically working on developing an effective ...