Fig 1. A DP-QPSK transmitter and a coherent receiver with ADC and DSP are key analog components for long-distance transmission systems. Fig 2. Shown is the measured (blue, green) and simulated (red) ...

For the QPSK modulator shown in the figure above, construct the truth table, phasor diagram, and constellation diagram. In Figure 2, it can be seen that with QPSK, each of the four possible output ...

Eliminating software adjustments in circuits based on digital logic improves robustness and reduces cost for small-production-run series. This circuit is a cost-improved version of classical QPSK ...

Free Space Optics is the technology which implies the line-of-sight link for the transfer of data between two distant points. The beam of light is used to provide optical connection that can transmit ...