The ventricles of the brain are four cavities that contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cells within these ventricles produce CSF, which helps to cushion the brain. The brain contains three basic units.

A popular hypothesis for how the brain clears molecular waste, which may help explain why sleep feels refreshing, is a subject of debate. Encased in the skull, perched atop the spine, the brain has a ...

Researchers at Nagoya University have identified a molecule that enables cell appendages called cilia to beat in a coordinated way to drive the flow of fluid around the brain; this prevents the ...

From the complexity of neural networks to basic biological functions and structures, the human brain only reluctantly reveals its secrets. Advances in neuro-imaging and molecular biology have only ...

Large oscillations of CSF inflow to the brain appeared about every 20 seconds and were tightly coupled to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals of blood flow and electroencephalogram ...

Researchers at the University of Rochester and the University of Copenhagen have identified a previously unknown component of brain anatomy in mice and in humans that acts as both a protective barrier ...

Scientists at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) have uncovered a non-invasive method to boost the brain’s natural waste drainage system—a discovery that they suggest could open new avenues for ...

A device that massages the face and neck boosts the brain’s waste disposal system, suggesting it could reduce the severity of conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. Our brains are bathed in ...