In dry granulation, powders bind because of the application of mechanical stress. As particles are forced to be within closer proximity, entrained air is forced out, bulk density increases, and a ...

Granulation is a critical unit operation in pharmaceutical manufacturing, where fine powders are agglomerated into granules to improve flow properties, uniformity, and compaction performance. The ...

We try to use previous experience to develop the optimal granulation process for each new ingredient, but we sometimes get it wrong. Many times, we?ve taken materials from the granulator only to find ...

Pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and industry require a continuous fluid-bed dryer that provides a lengthy process time and delivers a high standard for a long time. This article ...

Pharmaceutical manufacturing practices are advancing towards a future in which continuous manufacturing processes will be the norm. Developing and applying such techniques is therefore an essential ...