When people hear about metal ion baths, chances are they are thinking about an ionic foot bath or an ionic foot detox. However, there are other practical applications for the ionization process. One ...

Ever been up in the mountains, at the beach, or in a thunderstorm and suddenly felt a huge change in your mood? That’s not just a feeling of awe. It might be negative ions. Negative ions are molecules ...

Ion beam-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (IB-MBE) combines ion beam technology with MBE to enhance thin-film growth precision. This technique utilizes controlled energetic ions to modify physical ...

Ion beam lithography is used to create fine nanostructures on a surface, such as circuit boards. It can be used to directly write on the material, rather than using a photomask, as in photolithography ...

This technique is significant in the development of advanced materials, particularly for applications in microelectronics, nanotechnology, optoelectronics, and renewable energy technologies. The ...