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In Java, package-private (also called default access) is the access level assigned when no explicit modifier (public, protected, or private) is specified for a class, method, or variable.
It means the member is accessible only within the same package — not from classes in other packages, even if they are subclasses.
Key Characteristics
No keyword is used — simply omit the access modifier.
Scope: All classes in the same package can access it.
Outside package: Not accessible, regardless of inheritance.
Applicable to: Top-level classes, inner classes, methods, fields, and constructors.
Encapsulation level: More restrictive than protected and public, but less restrictive than private.
Example:
What is the difference between public, protected, …
Oct 19, 2008 · Explanations A private member (i) is only accessible within the same class as it is declared. A member with no access modifier (j) is only accessible …
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Code sample
protected | ? | ? | ? | ?————————————————+———————————————+———————————+———————————————+———————package-private | | | |(no modifier) | ? | ? | ? | ?————————————————+———————————————+———————————+———————————————+———————...private Keyword in Java: Usage & Examples - DataCamp
Learn how the `private` keyword in Java enforces encapsulation by restricting access to fields, methods, and constructors within the same class. Examples and best practices included.
Access Modifiers in Java - GeeksforGeeks
Nov 22, 2025 · The private access modifier is specified using the keyword private. The methods or data members declared as private are accessible only within the class in which they are declared.
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