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RuntimeException in Java is a subclass of Exception that represents exceptions that can occur during the normal operation of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). These exceptions are unchecked, meaning they do not need to be declared in a method or constructor's throws clause.
Example
public class Example {public static void main(String[] args) {int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3};System.out.println(numbers[5]); // Throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException}}Copied!✕CopyIn this example, accessing an invalid array index throws an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, a subclass of RuntimeException.
Characteristics of RuntimeException
Unchecked Exceptions
RuntimeExceptions are unchecked exceptions. This means that the compiler does not require methods to catch or specify them. They are typically used for programming errors such as logic mistakes.
Common Subclasses
Some common subclasses of RuntimeException include:
NullPointerException
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
IllegalArgumentException
ClassCastException
Constructors
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